Randomization have proven to be an efficient way of reducing bias and thus is widely used in clinical trials. Randomization ensures that subject allocation is balanced across treatment group and is ...

Covariate-adaptive randomization represents an advanced methodology in the design of clinical trials, ensuring a balanced distribution of prognostic factors among treatment groups. This approach ...

Background: The toss of a coin has been a method used to determine random outcomes for centuries. It is still used in some research studies as a method of randomization, although it has largely been ...

When flipping a coin, the probability of getting heads and the probability of getting tails are theoretically equal to 1/2. Here, when assuming a 'biased coin' where the probability of getting heads ...